An instruction is a binary pattern designed inside the microprocessor to perform a specific function. In other words, it is actually a command to the microprocessor to perform a given task on specified data.
The entire group of these instructions are called instruction set. The instruction set determines what functions the microprocessor can perform.
Each instruction has two parts: one is the task to be performed called the operation code (opcode) and the other is the data to be operated on called the operand (data).
It includes the opcode and operand in the same byte.
Example: ADD B
First byte specifies the opcode and second byte specifies the operand.
Example: MVI A, 05
The first byte specifies the opcode and the following two bytes specify the 16 bit address. The second byte is lower order and the other is higher order.
Example: JMP 2085H
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